Prevention of Cholera

 

It is an infection of the intestine that is caused by bacteria known as Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae). It usually spreads through contaminated water. It causes severe diarrhea and dehydration and if untreated leads to death.

 

 

1. V. cholerae causes cholera infection. The effects of the disease are a result of a potent toxin called cholera toxin (CTX) that bacteria produce in the small intestine.

2. Cholera can spread through surface water, seafood, raw food, and grains also.

 

 

Common symptoms of the infection are:

1. Diarrhea

2. Nausea and vomiting

3. Dehydration

4. Irritability

5. Lethargy

6. Sunken eyes

7. Dry mouth and extreme thirst 

8. Low urine output

9. Low blood pressure with an irregular heartbeat

 

 

1. It can be fatal, causing large amount of fluid loss and electrolyte loss within few hours. In some situations where the individuals do not receive treatment die of dehydration and shock 18 hours after the cholera symptoms occur.

2. Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) can cause seizures, unconsciousness, and even death.

3. Low potassium levels (hypokalemia) may interfere with the heart and nerve function and is life-threatening.

4. Kidney failure will impair the kidney function. The kidneys lose their filtering ability.

 

 

Preventive measures include:

1. Wash hands with soap and water frequently

2. Do not eat unhealthy and raw food

3. Drink only safe water, including bottled water

4. Stick to fruits and vegetables that can be peeled by you

 

 

Treatment includes:

1. Rehydration

2. Intravenous fluids

3. Antibiotics

4. Zinc supplements